Carrie Moss Hawley And The Des Moines Conversational Club

 

(Des Moines Register. June 9, 1912)

The Des Moines Conversational Club had a simple idea. Get a small group of women together and let them talk.

Not gossip. Not small talk. But genuine conversation about books, art, philosophy, politics, and whatever else was going on in the world.

 

The club was organized in 1891 at the home of Carrie Moss Hawley, better known in the newspapers as Mrs. H. B. Hawley. She got the idea after reading about Margaret Fuller, the writer, editor, and early advocate for women’s rights. Fuller had held a series of “conversations” for women in Boston during the 1830s and 1840s.

 

The idea was to give women a place where they could discuss serious subjects and be taken seriously themselves. Carrie thought Des Moines could use something like that.

 

The club stayed small on purpose. It didn’t pack an auditorium or sign up half the city. It worked best with a handful of people in a room, close enough that everybody had to take part.

 

Members were expected to speak without notes—listen, respond, and keep the discussion moving. No hiding behind note cards or newspaper clippings.

 

That was harder than it sounds.

Iowa Sculptor Nellie Walker

Nellie Verne Walker’s early art education took place in her father’s monument shop.

He carved tombstones for a living. Nellie grew up around that work—stone, tools, long hours—and before long she was carving too.

At seventeen, she made a limestone bust of Abraham Lincoln. The piece was good enough to be shown at the 1893 World’s Fair in Chicago, labeled simply as “the work of an Iowa girl.”

That got attention, but it didn’t solve the bigger problem.

She wanted training and couldn’t afford it. So she worked—six years as a legal secretary—saving until she could go to the Art Institute of Chicago. When she got there, she knew exactly what she was after.

That’s where Lorado Taft comes in. Taft was one of the leading sculptors in the country, known for large public monuments and a classical style. He also made a point of supporting women artists. He saw something in Nellie and pulled her into his studio circle.

Mrs. W. F. Mitchell President Des Moines Women's Club 1906

 

Picture from the Des Moines Register. September 30, 1906.

Mrs. W. F. Mitchell became the president of the Des Moines Women's Club in September 1906. She succedded Mrs. H. L. Carrell.

How Davenport Iowa Actress Patricia Barry Beat the Hollywood Trap

Patricia Barry was born Patricia White on November 16, 1922, in Davenport, Iowa. She learned early that talent wasn’t enough. You had to show up ready. Those lessons followed her east to Northwestern University, where she studied drama with the seriousness of someone planning a career, not a fantasy. By the time she headed west, she wasn’t chasing fame. She was chasing work.

Hollywood in the 1940s was crowded with hopefuls and ruled by contracts. Barry signed with Warner Bros. She played intelligent women, professionals, wives, secretaries with spine. An early reviewer described her as “cool, composed, and believable in every frame,” a compliment that followed her for decades.

Her early films came one after another, never flashy, always solid. She appeared in thrillers, dramas, war pictures. In The Window, she helped anchor a tense story without pulling focus. In O.S.S., she brought calm authority to a wartime world built on suspicion. Then came The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms, a film that leaned into spectacle while Barry did what she always did—grounded the chaos. Critics noted she gave the film “a human center amid the destruction,” a reminder that even genre pictures needed actors who could sell reality.

Mrs. Gus Freiderichs Maysville Iowa Turkey Farmer

Mrs. Gus Freiderichs and some of her turkeys

Mrs. Gus Freiderichs didn’t set out to build the largest turkey farm in Iowa. She just had an idea, one of those quiet, stubborn ideas that settles in your chest and refuses to leave. Her friends and neighbors near Maysville tried to talk her out of it. “Turkeys are impossible to raise,” they said. “They die if you look at them wrong.” But she didn’t budge. She bought a book called Hints for Amateur Poultry Raisers, propped it open on the kitchen table, and started anyway.

The early days were rough. The first twelve eggs gave her one bird—one tiny, lonely turkey. The rest hatched and died as if trying to tell her: “Turkey raising doesn’t pay. We told you so.”Anyone else might’ve quit, but she tried again. The second batch—twelve demanding little birds—felt like the universe giving her a reluctant nod.

 

From there, it snowballed. She added more birds until by November 1930 her farm was home to nearly six hundred turkeys. She built four sheds, fenced in a long run, that protected her flock from thieves, coyotes, and every other creature that thought a turkey looked like lunch. By spring, she planned to top a thousand birds.

The Iowa Woman Who Changed the Republican Party From the Inside: Mary Louise Smith

Mary Louise Smith

Mary Louise Smith grew up in Eddyville, Iowa, in a house where the radio never shut up and the news barged in like a half-drunk uncle with opinions about everything. She was born in 1907—late to the suffrage fight, but early enough to feel the leftover electricity crackling through the country.

She wasn’t loud. Not the type who storms rooms or slams fists. She watched and saw the tiny things—how a chair scraped just before someone disagreed, how an entire meeting could tilt off its axis because one person liked the sound of their own voice. She could sort the talkers from the doers in under a minute.

Politics in the 1920s and ’30s wasn’t made for women. It wasn’t made for most men either. It was a noisy, overheated kitchen where everyone was burning something and nobody wanted to clean the pan. Most women stayed out of it. Mary Louise stepped in like she’d been sent to organize the pantry before the entire place exploded.

She started in the church-basement world of Republican women’s clubs. She taught people how to vote, how to read a ballot that looked like it had been typeset in a coal mine, how to stand up without shaking like a loose fencepost. She said politics was something anyone could learn “one stitch at a time,” and she meant it.

The Iowa Woman Who Broke the Bar: Belle Babb Mansfield

Belle Babb Mansfield grew up in a house where books were treated like they mattered. Her parents believed girls should learn the same things boys did. Her mother said she had “a mind that runs ahead of her years.” Belle spent her childhood catching up to it.

When the family moved to Mount Pleasant, Iowa, Belle found herself living two blocks from Iowa Wesleyan University. The campus buzzed with students arguing about politics and the future of the country. Belle slid into that world like she belonged there. She read constantly, took every challenge seriously, and graduated as valedictorian. One professor said she had “a steadiness rare in the young.”

After college, Belle taught school. She liked her students, but the work didn’t use her whole mind. Whenever she visited her older brother Washington’s law office, she’d sit near the window with a law book open on her lap while the office cat slept on her feet.

Her brother remembered, “She read the law as if she had known it all her life.” She read case after case until the pages smudged under her fingers. The work made sense to her—the structure, the logic, the arguments. It lit something in her that teaching couldn’t.

Too Loud For Her Time: Annie Nowlin Savery And The Fight For Women's Rights

Annie Nowlin Savery was all lace and lightning—smart, restless, and way too opinionated for a world that preferred its women quiet and breakable. She married James Savery, a businessman with money, charm, and no idea what kind of storm he’d invited to dinner. While he built hotels and railroads, Annie built a revolution.

She threw herself into every cause that promised to make the world a little less stupid—abolition, temperance, women’s rights. Her parlor became a war room for reformers. Picture velvet chairs, cigars, and Susan B. Anthony sitting by the fire planning how to blow up the patriarchy (politely, of course, with pamphlets). Annie wrote editorials so sharp they could slice wallpaper, and she never apologized for making men uncomfortable. “Mrs. Savery’s courage is not of the quiet kind,” one newspaper said.

When people told her that women shouldn’t talk politics, she invited them over and made them listen. When they said women couldn’t own property, she told them to read the law again because she was going to change it. Her energy was nuclear before anyone knew what that meant.

Julia Addington First Iowa Women Elected to a Public Office

Julia Addington

Iowa in 1869 was prairie grass, muddy boots, the smell of wood smoke, and cornfields so wet you could probably grow rice in them. The Civil War was over, the railroads were slicing across the country like a drunk with a butter knife, and women were—well, not running for office. They were mostly running households, running after children, or running out of patience. But in Mitchell County, one small, unstoppable teacher decided she was done grading papers and ready to grade society.

 Julia Addington wasn’t loud, or rich, or politically connected. She didn’t have a campaign slogan. She probably didn’t even have time for one, because she was busy teaching actual children who probably didn’t wash their hands or understand personal space.

 

She’d been born in New York in 1829, which was so long ago that “light” was still a luxury item. Her family just kept moving west until they ran out of trees—Wisconsin, then northern Iowa—places where the “curriculum” was basically: don’t die, and try to spell your own name before winter sets in.

 

Julia loved learning. She taught everywhere—Cedar Falls, Waterloo, Des Moines, Osage—basically, if there was a building and two kids who could sit still for ten minutes, she was there. One of her students later said, “She never raised her voice, yet no boy ever dared to cross her.” Translation: terrifying in the most polite way possible.

Carrie Chapman Catt: The Strategist Behind Women's Suffrage

Carrie Chapman Catt in 1916

Carrie Chapman Catt was born in 1859, when the world was full of men explaining things. They were very good at it. They explained women shouldn’t go to college, shouldn’t speak in public, and certainly shouldn’t vote. Carrie, being a curious sort, wanted to know why. Nobody had a suitable answer. That was her first clue that something was off.

 She grew up in Charles City, Iowa, where winter lasts nine months and opinions freeze solid. Her father believed in hard work. Her mother believed in her daughter, though she did it quietly, like a good wife was expected to do. Carrie graduated from Iowa State College, the only woman in her class. Nobody threw a parade. They probably just assumed she’d get married and stop thinking so loudly.

 

She didn’t.

 

She took a job running the Mason City schools. A woman running schools was about as common as a horse running for mayor, but she did it anyway. Test scores went up. The budget balanced. The newspapers said, “She manages men as easily as she teaches children.” Somewhere between the lines, you could hear the men grinding their teeth.

Adeline Morrison Swain Iowa Suffragette

Adeline Morrison Swain

Adeline Swain didn’t ask for permission. She didn’t even notice there was a line she wasn’t supposed to cross. The men of Fort Dodge were too busy puffing cigars and explaining morality to see her coming. Then one day, she walked into the middle of their meeting and rewrote the script.

 Greenback Party convention. 1883. A fine gathering of mustaches and waistcoats, men arguing about gold standards while the world burned outside. Then in walks Adeline Swain — a schoolteacher in a stiff collar — and delivers ten minutes of verbal dynamite about corruption and equality. You could’ve heard a silver dollar drop. By the time the smoke cleared, those same men had nominated her for Superintendent of Public Instruction. The first woman in Iowa ever to get the nod.

 

The local papers choked on their ink. The Fort Dodge Times called her “a curiosity,” which was the polite version of “What the hell was that?” Others said women belonged in the parlor. One reporter called it “petticoat politics.” Adeline used the clippings to light her stove. Nothing like a little hypocrisy to get the fire going.